THE CAPITALIST BEGINS BY DISPENSING WITH MANUAL LABOUR. THEN, WHEN ITS CAPITAL GROWS AND WITH IT THE COLLECTIVE FORCE IT EXPLOITS, IT RESIGNS FROM ITS FUNCTION OF IMMEDIATE AND ASSIDUOUS SUPERVISION OF WORKERS AND GROUPS OF WORKERS AND TRANSFERS IT TO A PARTICULAR KIND OF EMPLOYEE. AS SOON AS HE IS AT THE HEAD OF AN INDUSTRIAL ARMY, HE NEEDS SENIOR OFFICERS (DIRECTORS, MANAGERS) AND LOWER OFFICERS (SUPERVISORS, INSPECTORS, FOREMEN), WHO, DURING THE LABOUR PROCESS, COMMAND ON BEHALF OF CAPITAL.